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Several traditional Chinese herbs would control the blood sugar when the risk of diabetes is high, suggests a new study.

The review of 16 clinical trials of 15 herbal formulas the herbs showed reduced levels of blood sugar in people with “prediabetes,” which are those with impaired glucose control can become type 2 diabetes. When the researchers gathered data from eight of these studies found that adding an herbal remedy to lifestyle changes doubled the likelihood of normalizing the blood sugar levels.

Moreover, people who had used the remedies were two thirds less likely to develop diabetes during the study, which lasted about 9 months.

The findings are published in the Cochrane Library, Cochrane Collaboration, an international organization that evaluates medical research. For authors, the results are “quite promising.” But they cautioned that the studies had some methodological biases, preventing firm conclusions.

“There are many herbal remedies on the shelves, but few were subjected to a rigorous test,” he told Reuters Health via e-mail the author of the study, Suzanne J. Grant, Center for Complementary Medicine Research at the University of Western Sydney in Australia.

Many of the trials analyzed, explained, were “high risk of bias” that might overestimate the effects of therapies. So, he added, is more rigorous trials necessary before recommending the use of herbal medicines to prevent diabetes.

The studies included a total of 1391 men and women with impaired glucose tolerance or blood fasting glucose, which are problems of control of blood sugar that increase plasma levels, but not enough to diagnose diabetes .

The studies examined various mixtures of Chinese herbs traditionally used to control blood sugar, as Jiangtang Bushen, Kang Tang Xiaoke huaya and yin.

In most trials, the products were added to lifestyle changes and compared with the effects of these changes only, which were not detailed in most studies.

Grant said that if the prediabetic want to try an herbal product, they must first consult with the physician and, ideally, be used with the supervision of a specialist in herbal medicine.

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In a study involving over 11,000 people with no history of diabetes, hemoglobin A1c test more accurately determined who would develop the disease compared with glucose testing, which measures blood sugar levels at a point in the time.

The A1c test was also able to better predict the risk of stroke (CVA), heart disease and death from diabetes, the researchers report in the New England Journal of Medicine.

The team found that people who had A1c levels of 6 percent or more were at greater risk of developing diabetes.

“The A1c has significant advantages over blood glucose test,” said Dr. Elizabeth Selvin from Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and leader of the study.

The blood sugar levels can vary from day to day and from hour to hour.

The A1c test is more reliable, repeatable and allows doctors to follow the average glucose levels over time. The quantities are not affected by stress and disease and patients do not have to fast before the test, as with glucose, the researchers said.

In January, the American Diabetes Association recommended A1C test to control the disease and to identify people who may be at risk of developing it.

In the study, Selvin’s team examined blood samples from 11,092 middle-aged adults without diabetes whites and blacks, drawn between 1990 and 1992.

The researchers compared the A1c test with fasting glucose to identify those most at risk for diabetes, heart disease and stroke and die.

During the 15 years of follow up, 2251 people were diagnosed with diabetes, 1198 were heart disease, 358 stroke and died 1447, the team said.

Doctors think that it is normal to have A1C levels between 5 and 5.5 percent. With each increase, the researchers found that increased the incidence of diabetes.

Persons with levels between 6 and 6.5 percent were nine times more likely than those within the normal range to develop the disease.

According to the study, currently there are 9 million Americans with undiagnosed diabetes.

Diabetes occurs when the body becomes unable to use insulin effectively. The blood sugar levels rise, leading to complications such as heart disease, blindness and kidney failure.

About 24 million Americans have diabetes, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC for its acronym in English).

The disease costs the United States about 132,000 million dollars a year on disability, lost productivity and premature deaths.

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It may be the case that the body does not produce enough insulin, which is when the diabetes is type 1, or can not use it produces, that is when there is type 2 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes, which is also known as insulin dependent diabetes, immune or juvenile home, is the result of an autoimmune reaction, in which the body’s defense system attacks insulin-producing cells. People with this type of diabetes produce very little or no insulin injections they need every day and thus control the blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes can affect people of any age but usually occurs mainly in children or young adults.

Type 2 diabetes, known as noninsulin dependent or adult, is more common in people over 45 years are overweight. However, following the rise of obesity among young people, is lowering the age of those affected. These patients often need insulin injections because they can control the glucose in your body by paying attention to your diet, exercising and taking oral medication.

This type of diabetes is most prevalent, accounting for 90-95 percent of all cases of this disease, and if not properly diagnosed and treated can develop serious complications that can generate even premature death. Not surprisingly, each year 3.8 million people die worldwide of causes related to this disease, ranking it as the fourth leading cause of death.

Besides these two types of diabetes, gestational diabetes exists that some women develop, usually on a temporary basis during pregnancy. This type of diabetes occurs between 2 and 5% of all pregnancies and in these cases there is an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes over time.

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The message to the general population is to maintain fitness in old age would have important implications and preserve life and function (muscle).

The expert said the study, published in BMJ, also suggests that a test of walking speed can know better the health status of older patients.

Previous studies have associated the slow gait with an increased risk of death in a given period, as well as to falls and other adverse health consequences, but none had shown the highest risk if the concentrated heart disease or other cause .

The investigation of five-year, part of the trial of Inserm called Three City Study, included more than 3,200 men and women with relatively good physical fitness, between 65 and 85 years who resided in three cities in France.

At baseline in 1999, the team used questionnaires and interviews in person to evaluate the health of each participant. Then, clocked the speed of each participant to walk as fast as possible without running, in a corridor.

In five years, 209 participants died (mostly from cancer, followed by heart disease and infectious diseases course and other causes), the mortality rate was 7 percent.

In the third who had walked more slowly (5.4 km/h or less for men and 4.8 km/h for women), the mortality rate was 44 percent higher than the two thirds of participants who had walked faster.

Mortality from myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and associated causes was 2.9 times more common in the slowest third of participants than among the fastest two thirds.

The increase in mortality from heart disease was seen in men and women was not associated with age or physical activity of participants.

There was no relationship between walking speed and other causes of death, including cancer.

What, then, what explains the relationship between walking and slow death from heart disease?

One possibility, is that the same risk factors that increase the risk of developing the disease, like high blood pressure and diabetes, also produce “silent stroke”, which prevent walking fast. That idea “deserves further studies to confirm it.

In a related editorial, Drs H. Rowan Harwood, Queen’s Medical Center in Nottingham, England, and Simon P. Conroy, University of Leicester, also in England, wrote that the loss of walking speed problems may appear in different organ systems, from the bones, muscles and lungs to the brain.

Some of these systems are linked through vascular disorders and smoking.

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Clear evidence of this shift is experienced by all pregnant women, who usually notice the morning the unpleasant symptoms of hypoglycemia: nausea, drowsiness, tiredness, weakness, etc..

As pregnancy progresses, metabolic adaptation intensifies, reaching great importance during the last 20 weeks of pregnancy. All these metabolic changes lead to a number of considerations when they occur in a diabetic woman:

• In some patients Diabetes first appears during pregnancy.
• The conventional criteria for diagnosing diabetes are not applicable during pregnancy
• As pregnancy progresses there is an increase in insulin requirements.
• The usual criteria of strict metabolic control are not applicable during pregnancy

Detection of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

The data suggest the possibility of DMG are:

* Family history of diabetes, especially among first-degree relatives.
* Glycosuria (glucose in urine) in a second fasting urine sample (see below).
* A history of:

• Abortions unexplained.
• Infants large for gestational age.
• Malformations in the newborn.

* Significant maternal obesity (90 kg or more).

Some minor data are multiparity, recurrent pregnancy toxemia and premature births repeated. The presence of more than one data increases the probability of having a disorder in glucose metabolism.

Glycosuria (glucose in urine) is a common finding, as 15% of pregnant women have it, so the search for cases based on this information alone is ineffective. The validity of this test may increase when using a second sample Fasting urine issued upon awakening is neglected and collected a second sample 15 minutes later when the patient is still fasting.

Suspected cases of GDM should be seen every 15 days by the endocrinologist, working together he and the obstetrician. It should take the usual prenatal measures. It should place special emphasis on weight control.

At each visit, you must perform a blood glucose after eating. If this test does not exceed 120 mg/dL), evidence of oral glucose tolerance should be deferred until the week 37 th -38 th of gestation, at which time more likely to test positive. If at any visit after eating glucose exceeds 120 mg/dL, should be tested for glucose tolerance without delay.

If the test is negative in early pregnancy does not, however, the diagnosis and the test should be repeated at 37-38 weeks, before making a final decision. Patients who have a negative tolerance test at 37-38 weeks is considered normal. If the test is positive diagnosis can be made of gestational diabetes and is offered to patients on a diet and was controlled in the same way as a diabetic clinic.

If the ideal criteria of glycemic control are not achieved soon, you start taking insulin. In cases well controlled and uncomplicated spontaneous delivery is expected. The existence of an increased need for insulin during pregnancy does not necessarily indicate that diabetes persists after delivery.

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