Staphylococcal

Episode of acute vomiting, stomach cramps and diarrhea caused by eating food contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxin.It occurs in outbreaks, when people with skin infections (fornculos, etc..) food handlers and contaminated, and after they are exposed to room temperature.

Typical mediums include foods such as custards, cream pies, milk, processed meat and fish.

The incubation period (without symptoms) is 2 to 8 hours after ingestion of food containing enterotoxin. The disorder is brief, with recovery in 3-6 hours. In very young children, elderly or chronically ill may be more severe disorders of fluid and salt balance. The intravenous fluid replacement produces dramatic improvement.

Clostridium perfringens

Episode of acute vomiting and diarrhea caused by eating food contaminated by the germ Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.

The tainted meat has caused many outbreaks. The condition is usually mild.

Treatment includes fluid replacement and, in severe cases, penicillin.

Traveler’s diarrhea

This term usually refers to sporadic cases of infectious gastroenteritis, which affects travelers and tourists.

The most common cause is the development-far from home, in contact with other water and food-for an aggressive strain of the bacterium Escherichia coli, which is normally in the intestine. Also be due to intestinal virus (eg, the so-called Norwalk agent). The picture is of nausea and vomiting, stomach cramps and diarrhea. The disorder is brief and mild.

Treatment includes replacement of fluids and salts, antibiotics are not advised. The surest prevention of traveler’s diarrhea is to have precaution with food and drink, tending, wherever they go, to a diet of canned food and well cooked.

Salmonellosis

There are 2200 serotypes of this bacterium. Most strains produce food-borne gastroenteritis.

Are common sources of Salmonella in eggs and products derived therefrom, milk and uncooked poultry.

Symptoms appear 12-48 hours after ingestion with nausea, cramps and watery diarrhea. Usually the disorder is mild and persists for 1 to 4 days.

Treatment includes replacement of fluids and salts are not recommended antibiotics, which prolong the excretion of the microbe. Typhoid fever is a type of salmonella much more serious, with different prognosis and treatment to common Salmonella gastroenteritis.

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