Do not know the specific causes of preeclampsia, but there are a number of groups of women at increased risk of suffering such as those with obesity, over 35 years, mothers, multiple pregnancies (twins or more) or history of diabetes and hypertension in the family.

The symptoms of preeclampsia are the most common:

* Decreased urine output and a high loss of protein by the same detectable by an analytical.
* Hypertension.
* Frequent headaches.
* Sudden increase of up to 2 kilos in less than a week.
* Edema (fluid retention significantly) on face, hands and feet.
* Abnormal liver function and eyesight.
* Epigastric pain.
* Nausea and vomiting.

The importance of early detection of preeclampsia case lies in the damage that can occur in the mother and infant. Pre-eclampsia affects the amount of blood from the mother reach the placenta, which is the means by which the fetus is nourished both oxygen and food, thus less oxygen and food is not detected early could mean problems in the baby’s development.

For the mother the greater risk lies in the hypertension and the damage that may occur in internal organs such as liver rupture, abruptio placenta, bleeding and in extreme cases of stroke. In more severe cases of pre-eclampsia is eclampsia drift which is when the mother has convulsions.

There is no sure prevention against preeclampsia, but if you follow a set of guidelines will greatly reduce their appearance. A good diet, weight control and blood pressure, quitting alcohol and snuff, etc.

The treatment for preeclampsia is detected once above all the rest, the water intake and reducing salt intake, control of hypertension (in severe cases even with medication from the doctor.) We must bear in mind that a cure for preeclampsia is delivery, which will always be at the expense of the developing baby. The greatest risk for preeclampsia is for mothers who have to wait for the baby becomes more developed, with the consequent risk to the mother’s internal organs.

Women who had had her last child in the last five years were 71 percent less likely to RA than women without children. In contrast, the risk was 24 percent lower in women who had given birth more than 15 years ago.

“The most interesting result was the relationship between the risk of acquiring this disease and the time from birth, particularly how that relationship weakened over time, because it supports our hypothesis that fetal cells, we now know that last decades after birth, would be good for the mother, “said Guthrie.

The team found that 9 percent of the 120 participants who had had a child in the last five years, suffered from Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). So did 14 percent of 345 women who had given birth to between five and 15 years earlier and 17 percent of 805 mothers who were for more than 15 years.

24 percent of the 406 women without children suffering RA. But since the study compared a group of women with RA with a healthy group, those percentages do not reflect women’s risk of RA according to their obstetric history.

Fetal cells and level of protection

The new findings do not prove that having children reduces a woman’s risk of getting AR. But it is possible, “said Guthrie, that fetal cells remain in the mother’s body will provide some level of protection.

These fetal cells are genetically distinct from those of the mother, because half of the genes of the children from the father. And if the cells carry genes that reduce the risk of AR, that could, in theory, change in a woman’s chance of developing the disease.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) arises when the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints of the knees, causing inflammation, pain and progressive joint damage. It is more common in women than in men, and often appears in the reproductive age.

An estimated 1, 3 million American adults, or 0, 6 percent of the adult population has RA.

Some previous studies, but not all, had indicated that pregnancy reduced the risk of RA.

The cause is unknown, but one theory is that fetal cells pass into the mother during pregnancy, help to lower the risk of generating the disease.

A team of researchers from the Cancer Research Center Fred Hutchinson and the University of Washington in Seattle, analyzed the obstetric records of 310 women newly diagnosed with RA and 1418 women without the condition.

A son and 39% less likely to RA

Those who had given birth at least one child were 39 percent less likely to get RA than those who had never been pregnant, even after considering factors such as age and use of oral contraceptives, which are associated with reduced risk of AR.

But such protection weakened over time, published in Arthritis & Rheumatism team Dr. Katherine A. Guthrie.

The goal is to increase the amount of oxygen that blood can carry. Is achieved by increasing the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin. Another goal is to treat the underlying condition or the cause of anemia.
Changes in diet and nutritional supplements

Low levels of vitamins or iron in the body can cause some types of anemia. These low concentrations can be caused by poor diet or certain diseases or health problems.

To increase the concentrations of vitamins or iron the doctor may ask you to make changes to your diet or take vitamins or iron supplements. A widely used vitamin supplements are vitamin B12 and folic acid. Sometimes there is vitamin C to help the body absorb iron.
Iron

Your body needs iron to produce hemoglobin. The body can more easily absorb iron from meat than vegetables or other foods. To treat anemia, the doctor may recommend eating more meat (especially red meat such as beef and liver), as well as chicken, turkey, pork, fish and seafood.

Other foods that are good sources of iron include:

* Spinach and other vegetables with dark green leaves
* Peanuts (peanuts), peanut butter and almonds
* Eggs
* Peas (peas), lentils and beans (beans), white or red, or baked beans and canned
* Dried fruits such as raisins, apricots (apricots) and peaches (peaches)
* Prune juice

Some foods, like cereals, breads and pasta, are fortified with iron. Check the nutrition label of a food to see how much iron it contains. The amount is expressed as the percentage of the total amount of iron you need every day.

Iron can be taken as a mineral supplement. Usually combined with multivitamins and minerals that help the body absorb iron.

Vitamin B12

Low levels of vitamin B12 can cause pernicious anemia. Usually this type of anemia is treated with vitamin B12.

The following foods are good sources of vitamin B12:

* Cereals fortified with vitamin B12
* Meat (beef, liver, poultry, fish and shellfish)
* Eggs and dairy products (milk, yogurt and cheese)

Folic acid

Folic acid is a B vitamin found in foods. Your body needs folate to produce and maintain new cells. Folic acid is also very important in pregnancy. Prevents anemia and promotes the healthy growth of the fetus.

The following foods are good sources of folic acid:

* Bread, pasta and rice fortified with folic acid
* Spinach and other vegetables with dark green leaves
* Beans (black-eyed peas) and dried beans
* Beef liver
* Eggs
* Bananas, oranges, orange juice and other fruits and juices

Vitamin C

Vitamin C helps the body absorb iron. The vegetables and fruits, especially citrus, are good sources of vitamin C. Citrus fruits include oranges, grapefruit (grapefruit), mandarins and other fruits like. Fruits, vegetables and fresh and frozen juices generally contain more vitamin C than canned.

If you are on medication, ask your doctor or pharmacist if you eat grapefruit (grapefruit) or drink juice of this fruit. Grapefruit can affect the power of a few medicines and the effectiveness with which they act.

Other fruits rich in vitamin C include kiwi, mango, apricot (apricot), strawberries (strawberries), cantaloupe and watermelon (pin).

Vegetables rich in vitamin C include broccoli, peppers, tomatoes, cabbage, potatoes and green leafy vegetables like romaine lettuce, turnip greens (turnip tops) and spinach.

Incoming search terms:

It is the decreased concentration of hemoglobin in the blood. This parameter is not a fixed value but depends on various factors such as age, sex, and special circumstances such as pregnancy.
How do you get?
Anemia can be due to different reasons and they relate very well with the variations in shape and size of red blood.
This size is different depending on the producing cause of anemia. The size of the G.R. is determined by an analytical parameter called Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV).

It may be the case that the body does not produce enough insulin, which is when the diabetes is type 1, or can not use it produces, that is when there is type 2 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes, which is also known as insulin dependent diabetes, immune or juvenile home, is the result of an autoimmune reaction, in which the body’s defense system attacks insulin-producing cells. People with this type of diabetes produce very little or no insulin injections they need every day and thus control the blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes can affect people of any age but usually occurs mainly in children or young adults.

Type 2 diabetes, known as noninsulin dependent or adult, is more common in people over 45 years are overweight. However, following the rise of obesity among young people, is lowering the age of those affected. These patients often need insulin injections because they can control the glucose in your body by paying attention to your diet, exercising and taking oral medication.

This type of diabetes is most prevalent, accounting for 90-95 percent of all cases of this disease, and if not properly diagnosed and treated can develop serious complications that can generate even premature death. Not surprisingly, each year 3.8 million people die worldwide of causes related to this disease, ranking it as the fourth leading cause of death.

Besides these two types of diabetes, gestational diabetes exists that some women develop, usually on a temporary basis during pregnancy. This type of diabetes occurs between 2 and 5% of all pregnancies and in these cases there is an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes over time.

These patches and gum help adults showed generally quit. But women and obstetricians have had doubts about its safety and effectiveness in pregnancy.

The team of Dr. Swamy, Medical Center of Duke University in North Carolina, reviewed data on pregnant smokers who had participated in a comparative study of psychological therapy with nicotine patches or gum for smoking cessation.

It’s use tripled the number of women who quit (from 8 to 24 percent).

Almost one third (31 percent) of women treated with the patch or the gum had complications of pregnancy, unlike the 17 percent who did not use these products.

The highest risk of suffering these complications occurred in black women, those who have had problems in previous pregnancies and users of pain relievers. Using the patch, said the team had no direct effect.

According to the results, although the patch is not “absolutely sure” the authors conclude that it would be worthwhile to use in heavy smokers, given the known relationship between smoking and poor prognosis of pregnancy, such as preterm delivery and low birthweight birth.

Clear evidence of this shift is experienced by all pregnant women, who usually notice the morning the unpleasant symptoms of hypoglycemia: nausea, drowsiness, tiredness, weakness, etc..

As pregnancy progresses, metabolic adaptation intensifies, reaching great importance during the last 20 weeks of pregnancy. All these metabolic changes lead to a number of considerations when they occur in a diabetic woman:

• In some patients Diabetes first appears during pregnancy.
• The conventional criteria for diagnosing diabetes are not applicable during pregnancy
• As pregnancy progresses there is an increase in insulin requirements.
• The usual criteria of strict metabolic control are not applicable during pregnancy

Detection of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

The data suggest the possibility of DMG are:

* Family history of diabetes, especially among first-degree relatives.
* Glycosuria (glucose in urine) in a second fasting urine sample (see below).
* A history of:

• Abortions unexplained.
• Infants large for gestational age.
• Malformations in the newborn.

* Significant maternal obesity (90 kg or more).

Some minor data are multiparity, recurrent pregnancy toxemia and premature births repeated. The presence of more than one data increases the probability of having a disorder in glucose metabolism.

Glycosuria (glucose in urine) is a common finding, as 15% of pregnant women have it, so the search for cases based on this information alone is ineffective. The validity of this test may increase when using a second sample Fasting urine issued upon awakening is neglected and collected a second sample 15 minutes later when the patient is still fasting.

Suspected cases of GDM should be seen every 15 days by the endocrinologist, working together he and the obstetrician. It should take the usual prenatal measures. It should place special emphasis on weight control.

At each visit, you must perform a blood glucose after eating. If this test does not exceed 120 mg/dL), evidence of oral glucose tolerance should be deferred until the week 37 th -38 th of gestation, at which time more likely to test positive. If at any visit after eating glucose exceeds 120 mg/dL, should be tested for glucose tolerance without delay.

If the test is negative in early pregnancy does not, however, the diagnosis and the test should be repeated at 37-38 weeks, before making a final decision. Patients who have a negative tolerance test at 37-38 weeks is considered normal. If the test is positive diagnosis can be made of gestational diabetes and is offered to patients on a diet and was controlled in the same way as a diabetic clinic.

If the ideal criteria of glycemic control are not achieved soon, you start taking insulin. In cases well controlled and uncomplicated spontaneous delivery is expected. The existence of an increased need for insulin during pregnancy does not necessarily indicate that diabetes persists after delivery.

Keep in mind that it is more difficult to control weight gain in later stages of pregnancy, so it is imperative not to increase the bulk of the total weight during the first months, however, poor weight gain is a sign negative, particularly if less than 4.5 kg.

No dieting is never recommended during pregnancy, even in very obese patients, it is essential that there be some increase in weight for good fetal development, and the system reduces the supply of nutrients to the fetus.

All the extra weight will be lost, at the latest, during the year following the birth, with a healthy diet and regular activity. Sometimes the simple fluid retention causing weight gain, who will miss a week after giving birth.

DIET

A daily diet of women should be applied and about 250 kcal per day to provide adequate fetal nutrition.

Most of these calories should consist of protein, but the diet must be well balanced, including fruit and vegetables of the season. It also should be taken free of sugar and cereals high in fiber. The salt (especially iodine) can be used in moderation, but avoid excessively salty foods. It should also limit foods with fats and sweets: pastries, chips, sodas, cookies and candy.

Folic acid is a B vitamin found primarily in leafy green vegetables, legumes, asparagus and liver. All pregnant women should consume 0.4 milligrams of folic acid per day, especially in the early weeks. This helps protect the baby in training against certain birth defects of the spine or brain, such as spina bifida.

Do not smoke, drink alcohol or take drugs not prescribed during the entire pregnancy.

SUGGESTIONS OF DIET IN PREGNANCY

• Vitamins: Eat different kinds of foods every day. Since it is difficult to get the recommended amount of folic acid only through food, you may need to receive supplements (multivitamin), as determined by your doctor.
• Sal: Your body needs a certain amount of salt when you are pregnant. The salt (especially iodine) can be used in moderation, but avoid excessively salty foods.
• Meals: Eat three meals every day. If you have heartburn or stomach bothers you, do four to six meals with smaller amounts in the day.
• Appetizers or snacks: Cheese, yoghurt, fruit and vegetables are healthy snacks. Avoid sweets, cakes, or sweetened beverages.
• Water: When you are pregnant your body needs plenty of fluids. Drink six to eight glasses of fluid each day (water, fruit juices, and/or milk).
• Caffeine: Caffeine is found in tea, coffee, soft drinks, and chocolate. Too much caffeine could be dangerous for your baby.

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