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Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs as a result of problems in the production and supply of insulin in the body. This hormone is produced in the pancreas and helps the “sugar” (glucose) to leave the bloodstream to enter body cells to be used as an energy source.

It may be the case that the body does not produce enough insulin, which is when the diabetes is type 1, or can not use it produces, that is when there is type 2 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes, which is also known as insulin dependent diabetes, immune or juvenile home, is the result of an autoimmune reaction, in which the body’s defense system attacks insulin-producing cells. People with this type of diabetes produce very little or no insulin injections they need every day and thus control the blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes can affect people of any age but usually occurs mainly in children or young adults.

Type 2 diabetes, known as noninsulin dependent or adult, is more common in people over 45 years are overweight. However, following the rise of obesity among young people, is lowering the age of those affected. These patients often need insulin injections because they can control the glucose in your body by paying attention to your diet, exercising and taking oral medication.

This type of diabetes is most prevalent, accounting for 90-95 percent of all cases of this disease, and if not properly diagnosed and treated can develop serious complications that can generate even premature death. Not surprisingly, each year 3.8 million people die worldwide of causes related to this disease, ranking it as the fourth leading cause of death.

Besides these two types of diabetes, gestational diabetes exists that some women develop, usually on a temporary basis during pregnancy. This type of diabetes occurs between 2 and 5% of all pregnancies and in these cases there is an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes over time.

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